[Biology][Practical-7] Hearing Physiology and Anatomy Questions

General Discussion
1

HEARING PHYSIOLOGY AND EAR ANATOMY

  • The external ear is made of the auricle and external auditory canal

  • The eardrum separates the external ear from the middle ear

  • A ruptured eardrum can cause hearing loss

  • The middle ear consists of the ossicles and the eustachian tube

  • The inner ear consists of the cochlea, the vestibule, and the semicircular canals

  • Sounds under 20 Hz are infrasound and above 20 kHz are ultrasounds

  • The cochlea has an oval window: its vibration causes t the displacement of fluid within the cochlea. That movement is detected by hair cells, which triggers the production of nerve impulses that are transmitted to the brain.

  • Describe the trajectory of the sound wave

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  • How is sounds amplified by the inner ear?
  1. hydraulic multiplication
  2. ossicle organization

  • What is hydraulic multiplication? There is an extreme surface difference between the eardrum and the stirrup (21:1). Therefore, the concentrated energy transmitted to the stirrup has a greater pressure.

  • How do hearing aids work?

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  • A human ear can perceive frequencies between 20 Hz and 20 kHz
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