Match each condition using the molecular formula

how to match each condition and molecular formular?:smiling_face_with_tear:
The answer is A.

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hi
in option A) ethanol (CH3CH2OH) is flammable, has a neutral pH and is miscible with water. And 2CH3CH2OH + 2Na⁺ — 2CH3CH2ONa + H2

Thank you!
Can I ask one more time?
Is this a problem that can only be solved by memorizing the characteristics of each molecular formula?
Or is it a problem to solve by inferring some principle through molecular formulas? For example, when dissolved in water, certain atoms are separated, so they have certain properties… like this